User:Chotchki/BusDataComm/Assignment1

From BluWiki

Christopher Hotchkiss
Business Data Communications
Tuesday & Thursday

Chapter 1

• 7. A LAN unlike the rest covers a small clearly defined area.
• 8. A circuit is the pathway through which messages travel.
• 9. A client is the input/ouput device at the user's end of a communication circuit.
• 10. A server/host stores data or software that can be accessed by the clients.
• 11. Layers allow implementors to break down the network into parts that can be defined separately.
• 12a. Application - the user's access to the network
• 12b. Presentation - formats the data for presentation to the user
• 12c. Session - initiates, maintains, and terminates each logical session between end users
• 12d. Transport - deals with end-to-end issues, such as procedures for entering and departing the network
• 12e. Network - performs routing
• 12f. Data Link - manages the physical transmission circuit
• 12g. Physical - transmits data bits over a communication circuit
• 14. To transmit a message each layer wraps the message in that layer's protocol and is passed down to the next layer. When it reachs the bottom layer it is passed across the network and then unwrapped and handed back up the layers to the top.
• 16. Internet stanards are generally formally developed by a stanards body through their formal process and implemented by a variety of vendors. The exception to this was the start of the Internet when a set of RFCs became de facto standards.
• 22. The Internet model has replaced OSI mainly because OSI took too long to mature and was too complex. The Internet model was a working usable model that everyone went with compared to the theory that was OSI.

Chapter 2

• 1. host-based, client-based, client-server
• 5. They would see a small development cost increase, large infrastructure cost decrease, and an increase in scalability.
• 8. A thin client depends on a central server for software and data, while a thick client has more stuff local (commonly describing the operating system)
• 13. the web browser sends a http request to the web server, the web server locates the page and responds back with a reply, the web browser parses the document and sends further http requests to retrieve any linked images/scripts/etc...
• 16a. SMTP - functions as the protocol for sending email messages to a mail server and between mail servers
• 16b. POP - acts as mail delivery from a mail server to a local mail directory
• 16c. IMAP - acts as a mail access protocol, it does not deliver the message

Chapter 3

• 1. It links the application software in the application layer with the network and is responsible for end-to-end delivery of the message.
• 2. The network layer routes the packet to its destination
• 3. The two parts are transmission control protocol which ensures the vality and sequencing of the message and the internet protocol which routes the message across the Internet (the primary user).
• 7. The application layer address is the human usable domain name system that allows for easy interpretation. The network layer address is used in IP routing and is broken down into multiple subnets. The data link address is the MAC address and is used for machine-to-machine routing decisions.
• 8. TCP is UDP with sequencing of packets and assured delivery of packets.
• 10. A subnet is a partition of an overall network that requires a gateway/router to access, this allows one to organize a network and design it to act efficently.
• 11. The subnet mask is used to identify what part of the ip address is actually local to the network.
• 12. Dynamic address works by centralizing the network address assignment to a server using typically dhcp.
• 14. Address resolution is the process of translating a address layer address to either a network layer address or a data link layer address.
• 15. Address layer address resolution to network layer is usually done via dns.
• 16. Network layer address resolution to data link layer is usually done with ARP broadcasts.
• 17. Routing is the process of selecting the path that a message will travel from the sending computer to the recieving computer.
• 20. It is a software created point-to-point connection such that the software using it do not think that is anything unusual due to the way a real connection is simulated.
• 24. TCP provides reliable delivery via its error checking and sequencing.
• 27. Flow control allows different speed devices to talk to one another.
• 32. He would have less protocols to manages on the network.
• 33. 5%
• 34. 80%